Adjectives with -ed and -ing

Introduction

Some adjectives end in –ed or –ing. This does not mean that they are past or present tense. Adjectives do not have tenses. Only verbs have tenses.
Some examples of adjectives ending in –ed or –ing:

bored/boring
confused/confusing
annoyed/annoying
frustrated/frustrating
charmed/charming
amazed/amazing

Adjectives Ending in -ED

Notice that the adjectives ending with -ed mainly describe feelings. In fact, we can say:

I am bored or I feel bored.
I am confused or I feel confused.

...and so on. The adjectives are usually (but not always) applied to people.

Adjectives Ending in -ING

Notice that the adjectives ending in -ing describe things that give us a particular feeling:

The book is confusing (...so I feel confused.)
My boss is annoying (...so I feel annoyed.)
The magician was amazing (...so I was amazed by his tricks.)


...so, for example, a movie is exciting, and I am excited when I watch it.

Verb Forms

Whenever there is an adjective that can end in -ing/-ed, there is also a verb form of the word.

For example, we often use the adjective boring, but did you know that bore can be used as a verb?

Do I bore you?

Here is an example of charming used as a verb and an example of charming used as an adjective:

Verb: Joseph spent his time in hospital charming the nurses.
Adjective: Joseph was a charming young fellow.

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